Microscope.



Ne.^7fm,4oe. A Patented may 2o, |902: c. F. DIECKMANN.

MlcnuscoPE.

(Lppneeien med sept. a. 1901.) (No Modal.) 2 Sheetsl- Sheet 2.

e www em: MORRIS PETERS cd.. PNbfo-Llrkoe WASHINGTON. n. t:A

UNITED STATE-s PATENT OFFICE.

I CARL F. DIECKMANN, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, )ASSIGNOR TO lSPENCERy LENSCOMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 700,409, dated May 20,1902. Application iiled 4September 6, 1901. Serial No. 74,535. (Nomodel.) A

T0 all m1711077 it m/oty concern,.-

Be it known that I, CARL F. DIEGKMANN, a citizen of the United States,andaresident of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York,have inventeda new and useful Improvement in Microscopes,of which thefollowing is a specification. c

This invention relates more particularly to microscopes of thatcharacter in which the up-4 per and lower iris-diaphragms and condenserare carried by a substage below the stage and are movable withoutdetachment from the substage into and out of the optical axis and towardand from the stage, either singly or in any desired combination. Inmicroscopes prior to my inventionof which I am aware one or more ofthese parts has or have been made detachable from the microscope and theoperator has been obliged to attach or detach the same, as required, inthe use of the instrument, or the said parts have been attached to thesubstage-by separate arms or carriers, thus increasing the number ofparts and the necessary adjustments to carry the diaphragms andcondenser into and out of operative position. Microscopes of the formertype are objectionable, in that the detachable parts are apt to bemisplaced or harmed and more or less time is required to 'attach 'anddetach the same, and the latter type of instruments are alsoobjectionable, owing to the complication of parts and adjustments.

`-The object of the present invention is to avoid these inconveniencesand simplify the construction of microscopes and at the same time permitthe usual adjustmentscf the illuminating apparatus, includingiris-diaphragms and the condenser, also to so construct and arrange theparts that the same can lbe readily and easily applied to the ordinarymodern microscopes. To this end I secure to a substage-arm, which can beswung into and out of a position concentric with the optical axis andmoved toward and from Ythe stage, a frame or ring which carries the twodiaphragms and the condenser, thenpperdia-.-`

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a side elevationof a portion ota microscope,

illustratingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional Viewenlargedparts being shown Vin plan. c mentary verticalsectionalelevation. is a fragmentary front elevation showing thecondenser and lower diaphragm in operative position. Fig.` 5 is asimilar view showing the upper and lower diaphragmsin operativeposition. Fig. 6 is aplanview showing the substage arm and illuminatingapparatus thrown out to one side of the stage.' Figs. 7

and 8 are detail sectional views of the arm- Operating device.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A indicates the base; B, the standard; C, the

main arm pivoted to the standard and carry'- ing the tube D and also thestage E, which is located below the tube.

F indicates the swinging substage-arm for( the illuminating apparatus.The 'arm is mounted on a stud-shaft G, depending from the under side ofthe stage,vso as to be capable o f swinging in under the stage to placeyits outer ring-shaped end f concentric with the optical axisas shown inFigs. Zand 3, and of swinging out to the side of the stage, as shown inFig.V 6. The arm is also slidable up yand down on the shaft G toward andfrom the stage.

H indicates a thumb-nutl rotatablyzsecured.

the nut when the arm is swung out beneath the stage. The armk Fisprovided with an upwardly-projecting'stoplpin t', which-engages with adownwardly-extending coperating stop and centering pin I, fixed to thestage, when the arm is thrown in beneath the stage,and the former isthus stopped in such Fig. 3 isan enlarged 'frag- Fi g. 4'

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a position that a hole Z' therein is directly below the pin I, whichenters the hole t" when the arm is moved up, the pin I acting toaccurately hold the same from lateral movement.

The parts thus far described are old in microscopes, and a more detaileddescription thereofis not believed to be necessary. Any other suitableconstruction may be employed.

J indicates an open frame or ring secured to the ring-shaped end of thesnbstage-arm, preferably detachably by means of screwsj in order thatthe frame J may be readily applied to the arm of the modern microscope.This frame has secured thereto or is adapted to su pport the variousilluminating devices, as will be now described. The frame J is shown asprovided with an inner depending flange y", which extends down throughthe circular opening in the substage-arm,and the lower iris-diaphragmcasing, which is shown at K, is secured thereto. The diaphragmcasing ispreferably detachably connected to the lower end of the iiangej by meansof an upwardly-projecting circular rib 7c on the diaphragm-casing, whichfits tightlyina rabbet in the lower end of the flangej'. Any otherdesired connection may be employed.

L indicates the condenser, which is carried by the outer ring-shaped endof an arm Z, which is hinged at its inner end in any preferred manner tothe frame J, so as to swing up over the same to a position concentrictherewith, as indicated in Fig. 4, or down into the position indicatedin Fig. In 0rderto accurately center the condenser when thrown in andhold the upper face of the ringshaped arm Z flush with the top of theframe J, the latter is preferably provided at its inner upper edge withan annular rabbet or groove Z', which forms a seat for the ringshapedpart of the condenser-arm. The hinge end of the condenser-arm ispreferably provided with a stop Z2, adapted to engage the outer edge ofthe frame J to hold the condenser in the horizontal outer positionindicated in Fig. 3. The condenser is shown as being detachably securedto its arm Z by means of a screw-threaded connection Z3 in order thatdifferent condensers may be employed.

M indicates the upper iris-diaphragm, which is of common construction.It is carried by a casing m, which is pivoted or hinged to the frame J,preferably at a point diametrically opposite the condenser-hinge, so asto enable the diaphragm-Casin g to be swung up over the frame J into aposition concentric with the latter, as indicated in Figs. l and 5, ordown into the position indicated in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 6, in whichposition it is held by a shoulder on on its hingelug engaging with theouter edge of the frame J. The upper diaphragm M is centered and held inits operative position by any suitable means, such as a lock-stud m2,arranged on the frame J, to enteraholemin the diaphragm-casino'. The

stud is preferably provided with a shoulder v diaphragm-operatinghandle, (shown at m5.)

If desired, the upperend of the stud m2 may be split, as shown, toafford a spring retainer or lock for the diaphragm-casing. Theupperdiaphragm casing is of suitable size and shape to permit it to bethrown over and inclose the condenser. When the casing is moved up, thecondenser and upper diaphragm project into the usual hole in the stageto a position substantially flush with the top of the latter.

With the parts constructed as above described it will be observed thatthe substagearm F can be lowered from the position shown in Fig. l andswung out from beneath the stage to the position indicated in Fig. G. Inthis position of the arm the upper diaphragm and condenser can be thrownout on their hinge connections, as indicated', and the arm swungbackunder the stage and moved up into operative position, with only thelower diaphragm in the optical aXis,oreither thecondenser or upperdiaphragm, or both, can be thrown up over the arm and lower diaphragmand then swung with the same into the optical axis. The arm can thus beswung in under the stage and moved up with either diaphragm or thecondenser or with all three in the optical axis, as shown in Fig. l.

Other illuminating diaphragms and devices which are sometimes used withthe microscope can be placed within the frame J and supported by thelower-diaphragm casing, which forms a horizontal ledge projectinginwardly from the lower end of the flange j of the frame J and is welladapted as a support for such illuminating devices. By dotted lines inFig. 3 I have shown a polarizer so supported, and in Fig. G a darkillumination-diaphragm is represented.

I claim as my inventionl. In a microscope, the combination with asubstage-arm movable toward and from the optical axis of 'theinstrument, of illuminating devices pivotally connected with saidsubstage-arm so as to swing in a plane substantially at right angles tothat of the arm, substantially as set forth.

2. In a microscope, the combination with a substage-arm movable towardand from the optical axis of the instrument, of a diaphragm pivotallyconnected to said arm, and a condenser pivotally connected to said armso as l.

to swing in a plane substantially at right angles to that of the arm,substantially as set forth.

3. In a microscope, the combination with a stage, and a substage-armmovable toward and from the optical axis of the instrument and towardand from said stage, of illuminataing devices pivotally connected tosaid arm s0 as to swing in a plane substantially at right angles to thatof the arm, substantially as set forth.

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. 4.- In a microscope",` the combinatiourwith a substage-arm ziuoyable;toward .and fromthe optical axsof the instrument,-of adiaphragm carriedby said arm,and an. illuminating def vice pivotally'connectedztosaidarin .so asto swing ina plane substantially atlight'rrangles vto that ofthe arm, substantially'as set forth.

5. In a microscope,thercombination xfvithaYV substage-arin movable :in ahorizontalfplane toward and from` the opticaljraxisof the instrument, ofaseparate fram'esecured toisa'id` arm, and an illuminating devicepivotally connected tosaid'frame, substantially 'asset forth.

6. In a microscope', thecombiuationvwith'a suhstage-arnl movable towardand from the optical axis of `the instrument, of a separate framesecured to said arnj, ,ardap'hragm piv otally connected. to said frange,and a con-v denser piuotallyconne'cted to said frame, substantiallyasset forth,l l

.7. In a microscope, theco substage-arin having a ring-'shaped part., ofla frame supported ,on said .part and having a ange extending -downthrough the Deningl thereof, a diaphragm securedto said flange,

@diaphragm gp'ivotallyY icn'nnectedlgto -lr iff f frame, andaicondenserlpivo'tally.connected to said frame, substantiallyas setforth.` V-

f S.. In' a microscope', thejconlbinationwithaz .substage-arni movablelt'ward and from the;

optical axis of the instrnment, of acondenserj pivotally 'connected,thereto;andadiaphragurlv h f l;- t pivotallyr connectedv to said armandadaptedf lto' be s\vun`g'o\`fersaid condenser concentric.

therewith, Vsuhst'antiallyasl set forth'. f

9. InrnicroscopeQ theco'rnhination"ofL'i Y stage,` ay snbstage-armconnected Wfhi ,the n' I? Istagefloy a vertical fpivotlo swinglaterally.vr

toward and from the opticalfaxis of theinstrulnentfa'condensenanda:diaphragmQcon-v i ynected vto iopposite-sides of said arnmhylhori'- Ki zon'tal pivots .toswingsinavertical planeover thearIn-Ltoward andfromia position. concenf.

tric with the optical'a'xis, fs'ubst nfti'lallyas4 set forth. Y f 1. l

` NVitnessesz y CHAS. W. PARKER, v C, B. HORNBECK. l

